Mullein

Mullein

Botanical name: Verbascum spp.

Bloom type: Perennial 

Mulleins are dramatic annuals, biennials or short-lived perennials with tall spikes of small flowers, and basal rosettes of large, woolly leaves. They are easy to grow in dry to average garden soil but must have good drainage. Do not over-fertilize as they prefer poor soils. They add vertical interest to the flower garden and will self-seed if you leave a few blooms. Some types are considered invasive.  Although they are short-lived, its self-seeding tendency will ensure that once planted, it will be in the garden for a long time to come.  If you desire more plants in your landscape, wait until later in the season, summer or fall, to mulch.  Applying a 2" layer of mulch early in the growing season will help suppress the fallen seed from sprouting.   

Once the flowers fade, cut the spike off at its base.  This procedure will extend the flowering season and help prevent self-seeding.  

The deep taproots allow Verbascum to grow in a wide variety of soils, include gravel, clay and other poor soils.  Good drainage is imperative, insure not to plant in a site where there can be standing water.

Will grow best in poor soils.  Rich soil can lead to sprawling plants with weak stems.  This combination will likely lead to the plants flopping over.  

Its tall upright habit makes a dramatic addition to the typical garden of more rounded plant forms, creating a visual contrast in the landscape.  

Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems:  Known to be a wandering plant, it can be planted in one spot, and the next year show in another.  Its self-seeding can also be an issue.  Its height may require staking.  

Mulleins are all susceptible to spider mite damage in hot areas.  Powdery mildew and fungal leaf spot can be an issue.  

Caterpillars may feed on the foliage.

Mullein has been used traditionally in herbal medicine for its numerous health benefits. Here are some noted medicinal properties:

• Respiratory Health: Mullein is renowned for its ability to soothe the respiratory tract, making it useful in treating coughs, bronchitis, asthma, and other respiratory ailments.
• Anti-inflammatory: The plant has anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce inflammation and soothe irritated tissues.
• Antimicrobial: Mullein has antimicrobial properties that make it effective against various bacteria and viruses.
• Analgesic: It can provide relief from pain, particularly in the case of earaches when used as an ear oil.
• Expectorant: Mullein helps to loosen and expel mucus, making it beneficial for clearing congestion.

Information sourced from the NC Master Gardener Plant Toolbox